Aprovechamiento integral de Eucalyptus globulus en un esquema de biorrefinería en doble etapa
Keywords:
Autohidrólisis, eucalipto, etanol-sosa, hemicelulosa, lacasa, pulpaAbstract
Se han aplicado dos tratamientos previos al proceso de pasteado etanol-sosa sobre madera de Eucalyptus globulus para evaluar su influencia sobre las propiedades de las pastas celulósicas obtenidas. Se aplica una primera etapa optimizada de autohidrólisis para maximizar la extracción de derivados hemicelulósicos preservando el glucano, seguida de una deslignificación enzimática mediante un sistema lacasa/mediador (siringaldehído). Se aplican diseños experimentales para la optimización de los procesos.
Las condiciones de operación óptimas en la etapa de deslignificación enzimática han sido: concentración de lacasa 18,5 U/g, concentración de siringaldehído 1,5 %, temperatura 45 ºC y tiempo de operación 60 min., con las cuales se alcanza una eliminación del 16,8 % de la lignina existente en la materia prima y se afecta ligeramente al glucano (conservando entre el 82,2 % y 89,7 % del glucano inicial). Paralelamente se obtienen dos fases líquidas valorizables, ricas en derivados hemicelulósicos y polifenólicos. En este esquema de proceso para obtención de pasta celulósica etanol-sosa a partir de madera eucalipto requiere una menor concentración de reactivos químicos, menores tiempos de operación y temperaturas más bajas, lo que supone una mejora económica y medioambiental respecto del proceso convencional de pasteado.
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References
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https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-4565(89)90066-8
Boucher, J.; Chirat, C.; Lachenal, D. 2014. Extraction of hemicelluloses from wood in a pulp biorefinery, and subsequent fermentation into ethanol. Energ Convers Manage 88: 1120-1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.05.104
BREF 2006. Documento de Referencia de las Mejores Técnicas Disponibles en la Industria de la Pasta y el Papel, Centro de publicaciones. Secretaría General Técnica. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. España. URL: http://www.prtr-es.es/data/images/BREF%20Pasta%20y%20Papel%20(versi%C3%B3n%20en%20castellano)-7C4A350C484D6A0E.pdf
Caparrós, S.; Díaz, M.J.; Ariza, J.; López, F.; Jiménez, L. 2008. New perspectives for Paulownia fortunei L. valorisation of the autohydrolysis and pulping processes. Bioresour Technol 99(4): 741-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.028
Cebreiros, F.; Guigou, M.D.; Cabrera, M.N. 2017. Integrated forest biorefineries: recovery of acetic acid as a by-product from eucalyptus wood hemicellulosic hydrolysates by solvent extraction. Ind Crop Prod 109: 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.08.012
Cherubini, F. 2010. The biorefinery concept: using biomass instead of oil for producing energy and chemicals. Energ Convers Manage 51(7): 1412-1421.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.01.015
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Demirbas, M.F. 2009. Biorefineries for biofuel upgrading: a critical review. Appl Energ 8(1): 151-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.043
Feria, M.J.; López, F.; García, J.C.; Pérez, A.; Zamudio, M.A.M.; Alfaro, A. 2011. Valorization of Leucanea leucocephala for energy and chemicals from autohydrolysis. Biomass Bioenerg 35(5): 2224-2233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.038
García, A.; Egües, I.; Toledano, N.; González, M.; Serrano, L.; Labidi, J. 2009. Biorefining of lignocellulosic residues using ethanol organosolv process. Chem Eng Trans 18: 911-916. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET0918149
García, J.C.; Zamudio, M.A.M.; Pérez, A.; De Alva, H.E.; López, F. 2011. Paulownia as a raw material for the production of pulp by soda-anthraquinone cooking with or without previous autohydrolysis. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 86(4): 608-615. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2563
García, J.C.; Zamudio, M.A.M.; Pérez, A.; López, F.; Colodete, J.L. 2010. Search for optimum conditions of Paulownia autohydrolysis process and influence in pulping process. Environ Prog Sustain 30(1): 92-101. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10442
García-Domínguez, M.T.; García-Domínguez, J.C.; López, F.; de Diego, C.M.; Díaz, M.J. 2015. Maximizing furfural concentration from wheat straw and Eucalyptus globulus by non-isothermal autohydrolysis. Environ Prog Sustain 34(4): 1236-1242. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.12099
Garrote, G.; Eugenio, M.E.; Díaz, M.J.; Ariza, J.; López, F. 2003. Hydrothermal and pulp processing of Eucalyptus. Bioresour Technol 88(1): 61-68.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00256-0
Garrote, G.; Kabel, M.A.; Schols, H.A.; Falqué, E.; Domínguez, H.; Parajó, J.C. 2007. Effects of Eucalyptus globulus wood autohydrolysis conditions on the reaction products. J Agr Food Chem 55(22): 9006-9013. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0719510
Hamzeh, Y.; Ashori, A.; Khorasani, Z.; Abdulkhani, A.; Abyaz, A. 2013. Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses form bagasse fibers: effects of dry-strength additives on paper properties. Ind Crop Prod 43: 365-371.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.047
Heiningen, A.V. 2007. Converting a kraft pulp mill into an integrated forest products biorefinery. Pulp Pap-Canada 107(6): 38-43. URL: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/90aa/eb6b5b7e46824c3cc465b2ccd1aee86d955e.pdf
Hu, G.; Fu, S.; Liumaki, H. 2013. Hemicellulose in pulp affects paper properties and printability. Appita J 66(2): 139-144. URL: https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=371599901817158;res=IELNZC
Loaiza, J.M.; Alfaro, A.; López, F.; García, M.T.; García, J.C. 2019. Optimization of Laccase/Mediator System (LMS) stage applied in fractionation of Eucalyptus globulus. Polymers 11(4): 731. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11040731
Loaiza, J.M.; López, F.; García, M.T.; Fernández, O.; Díaz, M.J.; García, J.C. 2016. Selecting the pre-hydrolysis conditions for Eucalyptus wood in a fractional exploitation biorefining scheme. J Wood Chem Technol 36(3): 211-223.https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2015.1112402
López, F.; García, M.T.; Mena, V.; Loaiza, J.M.; Zamudio, M.A.M.; García, J.C. 2015. Can acceptable pulp be obtained from Eucalyptus globulus wood chips after hemicellulose extraction? BioResources 10(1): 55-67. URL:https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/can-acceptable-pulp-be-obtained-from-eucalyptus-globulus-wood-chips-after-hemicellulose-extraction/
Marinova, M.; Mateos-Espejel, E.; Jemaa, N.; Paris, J. 2009. Addressing the increased energy demand of a kraft mill biorefinery: the hemicellulose extraction case. Chem Eng Res Des 87(9): 1269-1275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2009.04.017
Martín-Sampedro, R.; Eugenio, M.E.; Moreno, J.A.; Revilla, E.; Villar, J.C. 2014. Integration of a kraft pulping mill into a forest biorefinery: Pre-extraction of hemicellulose by steam explosion versus steam treatment. Bioresour Technol 153: 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.088
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2020-01-01
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M. Loaiza, J., Alfaro, A., López, F., T. García, M., & C. García, J. (2020). Aprovechamiento integral de Eucalyptus globulus en un esquema de biorrefinería en doble etapa. Maderas-Cienc Tecnol, 22(1), 93–108. Retrieved from https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/MCT/article/view/3843
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