Ensino de projeto no Brasil a partir do estudo de obras de João Filgueiras Lima

Abstract

The article presents an architectural design teaching experience based on the study of prefabricated works by Brazilian architect João Filgueiras Lima, or Lelé (1932-2014). The design studio was carried out as part of an elective course in architecture and urbanism at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The main objective was to present a method for studying architecture through an in-depth investigation of a building, using redesign as an analytical and critical tool, and applying the elements studied in a propositional design exercise. To this end, the course was structured around the understanding of a set of solutions developed by Lelé, used as a matrix for redesigning previously selected buildings and for formulating new project proposals aimed at a demand common to the students: a pavilion dedicated to students spending time together at the university. A pedagogical design resource was chosen to raise awareness of architecture through immersion in an architectural legacy strongly linked to the Brazilian context, incorporating socio-historical, environmental, and technological matters. The works presented show the adaptation of the prefabricated elements designed by Lelé to different situations, due to their modular coordination, adaptability, and flexibility. There is also the use of modulation and constructive elements in the buildings analyzed, as well as recurring design aspects such as internal courtyards, covered passages, definition of flows, and distribution of environments. These characteristics reinforce the fact that Lelé's work has a profoundly didactic character and that its study in undergraduate architecture courses favors the integrated assimilation of design and tectonic aspects. In this sense, it is up to teachers to provide students with learning experiences based on praxis, guided by the critical analysis of architectural works, the verification of hypotheses, and the performance of propositional activities.