Ultrasonido y anisotropía en madera de Thuja plicata y Acer saccharum
Keywords:
Densidad, ensayos no destructivos, módulo de elasticidad, propiedades de la madera, velocidad de onda, Density, modulus of elasticity, non-destructive tests, wave speed, wood properties.Abstract
La velocidad del ultrasonido en la madera y el módulo de elasticidad, siguen un patrón anisotrópico, que se infiere mediante un modelo teórico. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la variación de la velocidad del ultrasonido y del módulo de elasticidad en el plano longitudinal-tangencial en la madera de Thuja plicata y Acer saccharum. Se estudiaron 32 probetas de cada especie diseñadas específicamente para la investigación. Se calcularon la velocidad del ultrasonido y el módulo de elasticidad en diez posiciones en el plano longitudinal-tangencial. Los resultados experimentales se contrastaron con las previsiones del modelo de anisotropía propuesto. Para la madera de T. plicata y A. saccharum, las velocidades de ultrasonido fueron para la dirección longitudinal 5610 m/s y 5935 m/s y para la dirección tangencial 1198 m/s y 1372 m/s. Los módulos de elasticidad en la dirección longitudinal fueron 11126 MPa y 24688 MPa y para la dirección tangencial 530 MPa y 1320 MPa.
The ultrasound speed and the modulus of elasticity of the wood material follow an anisotropic behavior predicted by a theoretical model. The goal of the research was to determine the variation of the ultrasound speed and the modulus of elasticity over the longitudinal-tangential plane of Thuja plicata and Acer saccharum wood. For each species, 32 wood specimens were tested. The ultrasound speed and the modulus of elasticity were calculated in ten positions over the longitudinal-tangential plane. Experimental results were contrasted with the predictions of the proposed anisotropy model. For the T. plicata and A. saccharum woods, the ultrasound speeds were, for the longitudinal direction 5610 m/s and 5935 m/s, and for the tangential direction 1198 m/s y 1372 m/s. The moduli of elasticity were, for the longitudinal direction 11126 MPa and 24688 MPa, and for the tangential direction 530 MPa and 1320 MPa.
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