Energy efficiency performance enhancement of industrial conventional wood drying kiln by adding forced ventilation and waste heat recovery system: a comparative study
Keywords:
Drying, energy conservation, shell and tube exchanger, waste heat, woodAbstract
Conventional kilns dominate the wood drying industry. However, energy consumption during the process of ventilation remains a significant challenge. In this study, we designed a device to recover waste heat from exhausted wet air during kiln drying. To determine energy conservation, the device was installed in a 50 m3 kiln used for drying sawn timber in two different Chinese cities, and a traditional kiln with identical size was chosen to enable comparison. Two kinds of hardwood (Betula costata Trautv and Quercus mongolica) swan timbers were dried using conventional technology to investigate the energy saving effect of rainy seasons as well as seasonally different temperature. The results revealed that drying time and energy consumption decreased with the use of this energy-conserving device. Electrical and energy consumption were reduced by 18.9% and 38.5%, respectively. Waste heat recovery efficiencies ranged from 20.32% to 28.15%. Energy-conservation efficiency can be predicted to range from 12.23% to 22.74% annually. Equipment costs can be recovered within 3.5 years.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Aktas, M.; Sevik, S.; Amini, A.; Khanlari, A. 2016. Analysis of drying of melon in a solar-heat recovery assisted infrared dryer. Solar Energy 137: 500-515.
Ambekar, A. S.; Sivakumar, R.; Anantharaman, N.; Vivekenandan, M. 2016. CFD simulation study of shell and tube heat exchangers with different baffle segment configurations. Applied Thermal Engineering 108: 999-1007.
Ananias, R.A.; Ulloa, J; Elustondo, D.M.; Salinas, C.; Rebolledo, P.; Ruentes, C. 2012. Energy Consumption in Industrial Drying of Radiata Pine. Drying Technology 30(7): 774-779
Anderson, J.O.; Westerlund, L. 2014. Improved energy efficiency in sawmill drying system. Applied Energy 113: 891-901.
Arsenyeva, O. P.; Cucek, L.; Tovazhnyanskyy, L. L.; Kapustenko, P. O.; Savchenko, Y. A.; Kusakov, S. K.; Matsegora, O. I. 2016. Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 10(1): 131-138.
Elustondo, D. M.; Oliveira, L. 2009. Model to assess energy consumption in industrial lumber kilns. Maderas-Ciencia Y Tecnologia 11(1): 33-46.
Fu, Z.Y.; Zhao, J.Y.; Lv, Y.Y.; Huan, S.Q.; Cai, Y.C. 2016. Stress characteristics and stress reversal mechanism of white birch (Betula platyphylla) disks under different drying conditions. Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 18(2): 361-372.
Gendebien, S.; Bertagnolio, S.; and Lemort, V. 2013. Investigation on a ventilation heat recovery exchanger: Modeling and experimental validation in dry and partially wet conditions. Energy and Buildings 62: 176-189.
Gu, L. B. 2007. Recent research and development in wood drying technologies in China. Drying Technology 25(1-3): 463-469.
He, Z. B.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Z. Y.; Zhao, Z. J.; Yi, S. L. 2016. Reducing wood drying time by application of ultrasound pretreatment. Drying Technology 34(10): 1141-1146.
Jokiniemi, T.; Hautala, M.; Oksanen, T.; Ahokas, J. 2016. Parallel plate heat exchanger for heat energy recovery in a farm grain dryer. Drying Technology 34(5): 547-556.
Korkut, S.; Unsal, O.; Kocaefe, D.; Aytin, A.; Gokyar, A. 2013. Evaluation of kiln-drying schedules for wild cherry wood (cerasus avium). Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 15(3): 281-292.
Laurijssen, J.; Gram, F. J. D.; Worrell, E.; Faaij, A. 2010. Optimizing the energy efficiency of conventional multi-cylinder dryers in the paper industry. Energy 35(9): 3738-3750.
Li, X. J.; Zhang, B. G.; Li, W. J. 2008. Microwave-Vacuum Drying of Wood: Model Formulation and Verification. Drying Technology 26(11): 1382-1387.
Minea, V. 2012. Efficient Energy Recovery with Wood Drying Heat Pumps. Drying Technology 30(14): 1630-1643.
O'Connor, D.; Calautit, J. K. S.; Hughes, B. 2016. A review of heat recovery technology for passive ventilation applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 54: 1481-1493.
Ozden, E.; Tari, I. 2010. Shell side CFD analysis of a small shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Energy Conversion and Management 51(5): 1004-1014.
Pazitny, A.; Bohacek, S.; Medo, P.; Balbercak, J. 2015. Application of innovative heat recovery unit in paper industry with potential utilization in wood-processing and furniture industry. Wood Research 60(1): 101-112.
Qiu, Y.; Li, M.; Hassanien, R. H. E.; Wang, Y. F.; Luo, X.; Yu, Q. F. 2016. Performance and operation mode analysis of a heat recovery and thermal storage solar-assisted heat pump drying system. Solar Energy 137: 225-235.
Simo-Tagne, M.; Zoulalian, A.; Remond, R.; Rogaume, Y.; Bonoma, B. 2017. Modeling and simulation of an industrial indirect solar dryer for iroko wood (chlorophora excelsa) in a tropical environment. Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 19(1): 95-112.
Tanczuk, M.; Kostowski, W.; Karas, M. 2016. Applying waste heat recovery system in a sewage sludge dryer - A technical and economic optimization. Energy Conversion and Management 125: 121-132.
Tehrani, S. S. M.; Taylor, R. A.; Saberi, P.; Diarce, G. 2016. Design and feasibility of high temperature shell and tube latent heat thermal energy storage system for solar thermal power plants. Renewable Energy 96: 120-136.
Wallace, J.; Avramidis, S. 2016. Impact of airflow on hem-fir kiln drying. Drying Technology 34(11): 1354-1358.
Yang, X.; Chen, G. Y.; Feng, L. N.; Li, J. R. 2011. Investigation of airflow uniformity at air-exchange device in drying kiln by numerical simulation. Journal of Beijing Forestry University 33(4): 113-117.
Ye, B.; Liu, J.; Xu, X.; Chen, G.; Zheng, J. 2015. A new open absorption heat pump for latent heat recovery from moist gas. Energy Conversion and Management 94, 438-446.
Zadin, V.; Kasemagi, H.; Valdna, V.; Vigonski, S.; Veske, M.; Aabloo, A. 2015. Application of multiphysics and multiscale simulations to optimize industrial wood drying kilns. Applied Mathematics and Computation 267: 465-475.
Zhang, B. G.; Zhou, Y. D.; Ning, W.; Xie, D. B. 2007. Experimental study on energy consumption of combined conventional and dehumidification drying. Drying Technology 25(3): 471-474.
Zhao, J. Y.; Fu, Z. Y.; Jia, X. R.; Cai, Y. C. 2016. Modeling conventional drying of wood: Inclusion of a moving evaporation interface. Drying Technology 34(5): 530-538.
Ambekar, A. S.; Sivakumar, R.; Anantharaman, N.; Vivekenandan, M. 2016. CFD simulation study of shell and tube heat exchangers with different baffle segment configurations. Applied Thermal Engineering 108: 999-1007.
Ananias, R.A.; Ulloa, J; Elustondo, D.M.; Salinas, C.; Rebolledo, P.; Ruentes, C. 2012. Energy Consumption in Industrial Drying of Radiata Pine. Drying Technology 30(7): 774-779
Anderson, J.O.; Westerlund, L. 2014. Improved energy efficiency in sawmill drying system. Applied Energy 113: 891-901.
Arsenyeva, O. P.; Cucek, L.; Tovazhnyanskyy, L. L.; Kapustenko, P. O.; Savchenko, Y. A.; Kusakov, S. K.; Matsegora, O. I. 2016. Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 10(1): 131-138.
Elustondo, D. M.; Oliveira, L. 2009. Model to assess energy consumption in industrial lumber kilns. Maderas-Ciencia Y Tecnologia 11(1): 33-46.
Fu, Z.Y.; Zhao, J.Y.; Lv, Y.Y.; Huan, S.Q.; Cai, Y.C. 2016. Stress characteristics and stress reversal mechanism of white birch (Betula platyphylla) disks under different drying conditions. Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 18(2): 361-372.
Gendebien, S.; Bertagnolio, S.; and Lemort, V. 2013. Investigation on a ventilation heat recovery exchanger: Modeling and experimental validation in dry and partially wet conditions. Energy and Buildings 62: 176-189.
Gu, L. B. 2007. Recent research and development in wood drying technologies in China. Drying Technology 25(1-3): 463-469.
He, Z. B.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Z. Y.; Zhao, Z. J.; Yi, S. L. 2016. Reducing wood drying time by application of ultrasound pretreatment. Drying Technology 34(10): 1141-1146.
Jokiniemi, T.; Hautala, M.; Oksanen, T.; Ahokas, J. 2016. Parallel plate heat exchanger for heat energy recovery in a farm grain dryer. Drying Technology 34(5): 547-556.
Korkut, S.; Unsal, O.; Kocaefe, D.; Aytin, A.; Gokyar, A. 2013. Evaluation of kiln-drying schedules for wild cherry wood (cerasus avium). Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 15(3): 281-292.
Laurijssen, J.; Gram, F. J. D.; Worrell, E.; Faaij, A. 2010. Optimizing the energy efficiency of conventional multi-cylinder dryers in the paper industry. Energy 35(9): 3738-3750.
Li, X. J.; Zhang, B. G.; Li, W. J. 2008. Microwave-Vacuum Drying of Wood: Model Formulation and Verification. Drying Technology 26(11): 1382-1387.
Minea, V. 2012. Efficient Energy Recovery with Wood Drying Heat Pumps. Drying Technology 30(14): 1630-1643.
O'Connor, D.; Calautit, J. K. S.; Hughes, B. 2016. A review of heat recovery technology for passive ventilation applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 54: 1481-1493.
Ozden, E.; Tari, I. 2010. Shell side CFD analysis of a small shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Energy Conversion and Management 51(5): 1004-1014.
Pazitny, A.; Bohacek, S.; Medo, P.; Balbercak, J. 2015. Application of innovative heat recovery unit in paper industry with potential utilization in wood-processing and furniture industry. Wood Research 60(1): 101-112.
Qiu, Y.; Li, M.; Hassanien, R. H. E.; Wang, Y. F.; Luo, X.; Yu, Q. F. 2016. Performance and operation mode analysis of a heat recovery and thermal storage solar-assisted heat pump drying system. Solar Energy 137: 225-235.
Simo-Tagne, M.; Zoulalian, A.; Remond, R.; Rogaume, Y.; Bonoma, B. 2017. Modeling and simulation of an industrial indirect solar dryer for iroko wood (chlorophora excelsa) in a tropical environment. Maderas-Cienc Tecnol 19(1): 95-112.
Tanczuk, M.; Kostowski, W.; Karas, M. 2016. Applying waste heat recovery system in a sewage sludge dryer - A technical and economic optimization. Energy Conversion and Management 125: 121-132.
Tehrani, S. S. M.; Taylor, R. A.; Saberi, P.; Diarce, G. 2016. Design and feasibility of high temperature shell and tube latent heat thermal energy storage system for solar thermal power plants. Renewable Energy 96: 120-136.
Wallace, J.; Avramidis, S. 2016. Impact of airflow on hem-fir kiln drying. Drying Technology 34(11): 1354-1358.
Yang, X.; Chen, G. Y.; Feng, L. N.; Li, J. R. 2011. Investigation of airflow uniformity at air-exchange device in drying kiln by numerical simulation. Journal of Beijing Forestry University 33(4): 113-117.
Ye, B.; Liu, J.; Xu, X.; Chen, G.; Zheng, J. 2015. A new open absorption heat pump for latent heat recovery from moist gas. Energy Conversion and Management 94, 438-446.
Zadin, V.; Kasemagi, H.; Valdna, V.; Vigonski, S.; Veske, M.; Aabloo, A. 2015. Application of multiphysics and multiscale simulations to optimize industrial wood drying kilns. Applied Mathematics and Computation 267: 465-475.
Zhang, B. G.; Zhou, Y. D.; Ning, W.; Xie, D. B. 2007. Experimental study on energy consumption of combined conventional and dehumidification drying. Drying Technology 25(3): 471-474.
Zhao, J. Y.; Fu, Z. Y.; Jia, X. R.; Cai, Y. C. 2016. Modeling conventional drying of wood: Inclusion of a moving evaporation interface. Drying Technology 34(5): 530-538.
Downloads
Published
2019-10-01
How to Cite
Meng, Y., Chen, G., Hong, G., Wang, M., Gao, J., & Chen, Y. (2019). Energy efficiency performance enhancement of industrial conventional wood drying kiln by adding forced ventilation and waste heat recovery system: a comparative study. Maderas. Ciencia Y Tecnología, 21(4), 545–558. Retrieved from https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/MCT/article/view/3647
Issue
Section
Article
