Properties of thermally modified teakwood
Keywords:
Colorimetry, mechanical properties, thermogravimetry, Tectona grandis, wood modificationAbstract
Thermal modification is a treatment that seeks to improve the properties of wood and reduce the heterogeneity in its color. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on the anatomical, chemical, physical, mechanical, colorimetric, and thermal stability properties of teakwood. For this, teakwood samples were treated by an industrial autoclave at final cycle temperature of 160 ºC. The reduction of cell wall thickness, the formation of cross-fissures and the crystallization of the wax inside the pores were observed in the anatomical structure. Chemically, the extractives evaporated and the polysaccharides ruptured, of which hemicellulose was the most affected. The heat treatment promoted lower equilibrium moisture, reducing the hygroscopicity and improving the dimensional stability of the wood. Considering the mechanical properties, the rupture modulus and the longitudinal and tangential hardness decreased after the heat treatment. The color of the wood changed significantly, from pink to dark brown. The treated wood had higher thermal stability, with greater weight loss at higher temperatures than the untreated wood.
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References
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Chaouch, M.; Dumarçay, S.; Pétrissans, A.; Pétrissans, M.; Gérardin, P. 2012. Effect of heat treatment intensity on some conferred properties of different European softwood and hardwood species. Wood Sci Technol 47(4): 663-673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-013-0533-z
Chen, Y.; Tshabalala, M.A.; Gao, J.; Stark, N.M.; Fan, Y. 2014. Color and surface chemistry changes of extracted wood flour after heating at 120 °C. Wood Sci Technol 48 (1): 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-013-0582-3
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Dias, A.C.C.; Marchesan, R.; Almeida, V.C.; Monteiro, T.C.; Moraes, C.B. 2018. Relationship between basic density and shrinkage in teca wood. Braz J Wood Sci 9(1): 37-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12953/2177-6830/rcm.v9n1p37-44
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Esteves, B.M.; Pereira, H. M. 2009. Wood modification by heat treatment: A Review. BioResources 4(1): 370-404. https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_04_1_%23%23%23%23_Esteves_P_Wood_Mod_Heat_Treatment
Federação da Agricultura e Pecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso. FAMATO. 2013. Diagnosis of Planted Forests in the State of Mato Grosso. IMEA. Brazil.
Fengel, D. 1966. On the changes of the wood and its components within the temperature range up to 200 ºC - Part 2. Holz Roh Werkst 24:98-109.
Gonçalvez, M.P.M.; Coffler, R.; Carvalho, A.M.; Garcia, R.A. 2007. Radial variation of basic density and fiber length of the wood of Tectona grandis L. Floram 14(1): 70-75. https://www.floram.org/article/588e2217e710ab87018b464c
Grinins, J.; Irbe, I.; Andersons, B.; Andersone, I.; Meija-Feldmane.; Janberga, A.; Pavlovics, G.; Sansonetti, E. 2016. Thermo-hydro treated (THT) birch plywood with improved service properties. Int Wood Prod J 7(4): 181-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2016.1212963
Gunduz, G.; Aydemir, D.; Karakas, G. 2009. The effects of thermal treatment on the mechanical properties of wild Pear (Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall.) wood and changes in physical properties. Mater Des 30(10): 4391-4395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.005
Hamada, J.; Pétrissans, A.; Mothe, F.; Ruelle, J.; Pétrissans, M.; Gérardin, P. 2017. Intraspecific variation of european oak wood thermal stability according to radial position. Wood Sci Technol 51(4): 785-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-017-0910-0
Hill, C. 2006. Wood Modification: Chemical, Thermal and Other Processes. Wiley, New York, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470021748
Hikita, Y.; Toyoda, T.; Azuma, M. 2001. Weathering testing of timber – discoloration. In High performance utilization of wood for outdoor uses: report on research project, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. Inamura, Y (Ed.), Press-Net. Kyoto, Japan. p. 27-32.
Indústria Brasileira de Árvores. IBÁ. 2019. Report 2019. IBÁ. Sao Paulo, Brazil. https://iba.org/datafiles/publicacoes/relatorios/iba-relatorioanual2019.pdf
Kokutse, A.D.; Bailleres, H.; Stokes, A.; Kokou, K. 2004. Proportion and quality of heartwood in togolese teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). Forest Ecol Manag 189(1-2): 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.07.041
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2021-01-01
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Lengowski, E. C., Bonfatti Júnior, E. A., Nisgoski, S., Bolzon de Muñiz, G. I., & Klock, U. (2021). Properties of thermally modified teakwood. Maderas. Ciencia Y Tecnología, 23, 1–16. Retrieved from https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/MCT/article/view/4449
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