Influence of rice straw and wood fiber combination on physical and mechanical properties of rice straw pulverized composite board
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22320/s0718221x/2024.37Keywords:
Composite, particleboard, rice straw, resin, wood fibers, EucalyptusAbstract
The production of particleboards from various kinds of ligno cellulosic materials are successful on commercial scale in various parts of the country. However, much success is not seen in use of crop residues for particleboards. Rice straw and wheat straw are one such materials that are abundantly available in India that can be used to produce particleboard. The present work investigated the effect of Rice straw particles and wood fibers combination on physical and mechanical properties of the composite board. The pulverized rice straw composite boards were produced with three different composition of rice straw material (100 %, 70 %, 50 %) and wood Fibers (0 %, 30 %, 50 %). Melamine Urea Formaldehyde (MUF), Phenol Cardanol Formaldehyde (PCF), Blocked Isocyanate resin combined with PCF (BPCF), Blocked Isocyanate combined with Urea Melamine Formaldehyde (BUMF) and Blocked Isocyanate combined with PF (BPF) resins were synthesized. The resin system (10%,12%,14%) with requisite additive was admixed with rice straw and wood fibers. According to the resin system employed, the hot press temperature, specific pressure and curing time were worked out for compression of the boards. The boards were produced with 780 - 850 kg/m3 nominal density and prior to testing, the test specimens were exposed to an atmosphere maintained at a relative humidity of 65 ± 5 percent and at a temperature of 27 ± 2 °C until their masses are nearly constant. The boards made were subjected for evaluation of physical and mechanical properties according to IS 3087. It was found that the Rice Straw particles with Wood Fibers of 50-50 combination bonded with PCF and also with MUF adhesive of 12 % resin solids confirms to the requirement of physical and mechanical properties as per IS 3087 particleboards of wood and other lignocellulosic materials (medium density) for general purposes Specification. Comparison with resin for hybrid boards of rice straw particles with wood fiber, BPCF has shown excellent properties than BPF and BUMF. The study indicated that increasing the percentage replacement of wood fibers with rice straw particles by more than 50 % decreased the internal bond strength. It can be concluded that rice straw pulverized particleboard can be successfully made with the combination of 30 % - 50 % wood fibers using PCF resin or BPCF resin.
Downloads
References
Agirgan, M.A.; Agirgan, O.; V, Taskin. 2022. Investigation of thermal conductivity and sound absorption properties of rice straw fiber/polylactic acid bio composite material. Journal of Natural Fibers 19 (16):15071-15084. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 15440478.2022.2070323.
Anvar, A.; Bunyod, I.; Dilshodkhon, K.; Shokhrukh, D.; Akbarjon, M.; Said, S. 2020. The study of the interaction of adhesive with the substrate surface in a new composite material based on modified gypsum and treated rice straw. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine 7(2): 683-689. https://www.academia.edu/99863626/The_Study_of_the_Interaction_of_Adhesive_with_the_Substrate_Surface_in_a_New_Composite_Material_Based_on_Modified_Gypsum_and_Treated_Rice_Straw
Banjo, A.A .; Tolulope, E.K; Oyekanmi, A. 2022. Blended formaldehyde adhesive bonded particleboards made from groundnut shell and rice husk wastes. Journal of Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 24:1653-1662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-021-02270-1
Bo, Pang.; Tong, Z.; Xue-Fei, C.; Bao-Cheng, Z.; Zhuohua, S.; Xi, L.; Yue-Ying C.; Tong-Qi ,Y. 2022. Performance and environmental implication assessments of green bio-composite from rice straw and bamboo. Journal of Cleaner Production 375: e134037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134037
Ghazilan, A.L.A.; Mokhtar, H.; Dawood, M.S.I.S.; Aminanda, Y.; Ali, J.S.M. 2016. Tensile Mechanical Property of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical, Automotive and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAAE), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25-27 July 2016. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/184/1/012046/meta
Hiziroglu, S.; Jarusombuti, S.; Bauchongkol, P.; Fueangvivat, V. 2008. Overlaying properties of fiberboard manufactured from bamboo and rice straw. Industrial Crops and Products 28(1): 107-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.01.002
Huang, Y.; Tan, J.; Xuan, X.; Liu, L.; Xie, M.; Liu, H.; Zheng, G. 2021. Study on untreated and alkali treated rice straw reinforced geopolymer composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics 262: e124304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.124304
İstek, A.; Sıradag, H. 2013. The effect of density on particleboard properties. In Proceedings of the “International Caucasian Forestry Symposium”, 23-26 October, Artvin, Turkey, 932-938. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/the-effect-of-density-on-particle board-properties-IstekSirada%C4%9F/271d53a520ee7f5f39d33fe9bf78be1bfc884be7?p2df
Jiang, D.; Jiang, D.; Lv, S.; Cui, S.; Sun, S.; Song, X.; He, S.; Zhang, J. 2021. Effect of flame-retardant rice straw fibers on properties of fiber cement-based composites at high temperatures. Journal of Building Engineering 44: e102923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102923
Kuram, E. 2022. Rheological, mechanical and morphological properties of hybrid hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)/walnut (Juglans regia L.) shell flour-filled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composite. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 22(6):2107-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01094-3
Lecompte, T.; Le Duigou, 2017. A. Mechanics of straw bales for building applications. Journal of Building Engineering 9: 84-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.12.001
Li, X.; Cai, Z.; Winandy, J.E.; Basta, A.H. 2010. Selected properties of particleboard panels manufactured from rice straws of different geometries. Bioresource Technology 101(12): 4662-4666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.053
Madival, A. S.; Doreswamy, D.; Shetty, R. 2023. Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Rice Straw Particles and Furcraea foetida Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite Journal of natural fibers 20(2): e2232544 https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2023.2232544
Mantanis, G.; Nakos, P.; Berns, J.; Rigal, L. 2000. Turning agricultural straw residues into value added composite products- A new environmentally friendly technology Conference: Proc. of the 5th International Conference on Environmental Pollution. pp. 840-848, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mao, L.; Sonnenberg, A.S.M.; Arkel, J.V.; Cone, J.W.; Vos, C.H.D.; Marchal, J.L.M.; Hendriks, W.H. 2021. Storage temperature and time and its influence on feed quality of fungal treated wheat straw. Animal Feed Science and Technology 272: e114749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114749
Mo, X.; Wang, D.; Sun, X.S. 2005. Straw-based biomass and bio composites. Natural fibers, biopolymers, and biocomposites. CRC Press. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9780203508206-22/straw-based-biomass-biocomposites-xiaoqun-mo-donghai-wang-xiuzhi-sun
Papadopoulous, A. 2007. The application of various resin system in the manufacture of wood straw composite. Journal International Research Publication 2. www.ejournalnet.com
Rios-Badran, I.M.; Luzardo-Ocampo, I.; Fernando Garcia-Trejo, J.; Santos-Cruz, J.; Gutierrez-Antonio, C. 2020. Production and characterization of fuel pellets from rice husk and wheat straw. Renewable Energy 145: 500-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.048
Raju, K. A.; Kodi, S.; Veerendra, P. 2022. Experimental Investigations on Mechanical Properties of Ricestraw Fiber Reinforced with Polypropylene Matrix Composites. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology 10(6): 1723-1732. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44120
Shang, L.; Ahrenfeldt, J.; Holm, J.K.; Sanadi, A.R.; Barsberg, S.; Thomsen, T.; Stelte, W.; Henriksen, U.B. 2012. Changes of chemical and mechanical behavior of torrefied wheat straw. Biomass and Bioenergy 40: 63-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.01.049
Singh, R.; Srivastava, M.; Shukla, A. 2016. Environmental sustainability of bioethanol production from rice straw in India: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 54: 202-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.005
Singh, T.; Fekete, I.; Jakab, S.K.; Lendvai, L. 2023. Selection of straw waste reinforced sustainable polymer composite using a multi-criteria decision-making approach. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04132-w
Sudhakar, K.; Srinivas, Ch. 2014. Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Rice Straw Fibre Polypropylene Composites. International Journal of Engineering Research and Application 4 (1) (Version 2):182-187. https://www.ijera.com/papers/Vol4_issue1/Version%202/W4102182187.pdf
Vijaykumar, G.M.; Ilangovan, M.H.; Rather, B.; Prajwal, V.G.B.; Giridharan, B.H.; Krishna, K,.V.; Venkatesh, N.; Reddy, N. 2020. Groundnut shell/rice husk agro-waste reinforced polypropylene hybrid bio composites . Journal of Building Engineering 27:e100991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100991
Xu, H.; Dun, M.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, L.; Shan, W.; Wang, W. 2022. A New Process of Preparing Rice Straw-Reinforced LLDPE Composite. Polymers 14(11): e2243. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14112243
Ye, X. P.; Julson, J.; Kuo, M.; Womac, A.; Myers, D. 2007. Properties of medium density fiberboards made from renewable biomass. Bioresource Technology 98(5): 1077-1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.04.022
Yang, H.; Kim, D.J.; Hyun, J.K. 2003. Rice straw wood particle composite for sound absorbing wooden construction materials. Bioresource Technology 86: 117-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00163-3
Zheng, Y.; Pan, Z.; Zhang, R.; Jenkins, B. M.; Blunk, S. 2007. Particleboard quality characteristics of saline jose tall wheatgrass and chemical treatment effect. Bioresource Technology 98(6): 1304-1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.04.036
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de Reconocimiento de Creative Commons CC-BY que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
