Spatial-temporal analysis of heat islands applied to the coastal city of San Francisco de Campeche, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2024.27.49.01Keywords:
islands, heat, city, coastlineAbstract
The urbanization of the city of San Francisco de Campeche influences the formation of urban heat islands due to construction materials, buildings and structures, human activities, lack of vegetation, and transportation infrastructure. Heat islands have negative consequences such as increased energy consumption and heat stress for the population, contributing to climate change due to increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by additional energy demand. Cities such as Sydney, Beijing, Nanjing, Moscow, and Hong Kong are implementing urban planning strategies that promote urban vegetation, the use of reflective building materials, the improvement of public transport, and the promotion of energy efficiency in buildings. Landsat satellite images were used to analyze population growth and urban sprawl to identify heat islands, and a vegetation index analysis was also made. Regarding the analyses, it was recognized that the temperature increased by approximately 6°C between 1990 and 2022. There has also been a decrease in vegetation due to the urban sprawl and housing growth, quadrupling the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the 0-0.25 class for the same period. Finally, mitigation measures are proposed to counteract the effects caused by heat islands in the city.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Román Alejandro Canul-Turriza, Karianna Aké-Turriza, Oscar May-Tzuc, Mario Jiménez-Torres
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